![]() At the time of the formation of the MPPC, Thomas Edison owned most of the major patents relating to motion pictures, including that for raw film. The company was established on 1 January 1909 by ten film manufacturing outfits – Edison, Biograph, Vitagraph, Essanay, Selig, Lubin, Kalem, American Star, Klein Optical, American Pathé, the leading distributor (George Kleine) and the biggest supplier of raw film, Eastman Kodak – in an attempt to licence all three branches of filmmaking (production, distribution and exhibition) in the United States and, thereby, control the American film market. "The discourse of independent cinema appears perhaps for the first time in 1908–9 with the formation of the Motion Picture Patents Company (MPPC, also known as the Patents Company or simply the Trust) and its antagonists, which became known as independents". And then there was the first public demonstration of the Edison motion picture apparatus at the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences in May 1893, the place and date of what most agree was the first publicly exhibited movie. First there were the patents on the Edison Kinetograph (the photographic apparatus that produced the pictures) and the Kinetoscope (the "peep show" viewing machine that exhibited them) in 1891. So far as most American film histories and the US Patent Office are concerned, movies in the United States began with Thomas Edison (1847–1931). The first independents: Resistance to the Edison trust New Hollywood and independent filmmaking.United Artists: Resistance to the studio system. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |